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Objective:To investigate the effect of Comprehensive Reminder System Based on Health Belief Model (CRS-HBM) on health knowledge, belief, behaviors, utilization of health services and clinical outcomes in stroke patients after discharge. Methods:From February, 2015 to March, 2016, 174 stroke patients with hypertension were divided into control group (n = 87) and intervention group (n = 87). The control group received routine stroke health education, and the intervention group received the CRS-HBM program in addition. They were investigated with Stroke Knowledge Questionnaire (SKQ), Short Form Health Belief Model Scale for Stroke Patients (SF-HBMS-SP), Health Behavior Scale for Stroke Patients (HBS-SP), and the utilization of health services and clinical outcomes (emergency, re-hospitalization, recrudescence and death) were recorded six months after discharge. Results:A total of 75 cases in the control group and 76 in the intervention group finished the research. The total scores of SKQ (U = 903.000), SF-HBMS-SP (t = -9.099) and HBS-SP (t = -7.786) were more in the intervention group than in the control group (P < 0.001). The outpatient re-visit rate was more in the intervention group (97.37%) than in the control group (76.00%) (P < 0.001). The incidence of emergency, re-hospitalization, recrudescence and death were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion:The application of CRS-HBM can improve the health knowledge, belief, behaviors for stroke patients after discharge, but there are not enough effects on clinical outcomes.
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Objective To compare the effectiveness of snail control between immersion of molluscicides through tide diversion and mollusciciding by spraying in marshland areas. Methods Immersion of 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide through tide diversion and spraying 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide alone were employed for snail control in two neighboring snail-breeding marshlands, and snails were surveyed before and after mollusciciding. The mortality of snails and the density of living snails were estimated. Results The density of living snails reduced by 72.19% and 100.00% 1 and 2 years after immersion of 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide through tide diversion, and 5.93% and 18.15% 1 and 2 years after spraying 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide alone. Conclusion Immersion of 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide through tide diversion is significantly superior to spraying 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide along for snail control, and implementation of immersion of 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide through tide diversion for more than 2 successive years may achieve a higher snail control efficiency.
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Objective To compare the effectiveness of snail control between immersion of molluscicides through tide diversion and mollusciciding by spraying in marshland areas. Methods Immersion of 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide through tide diversion and spraying 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide alone were employed for snail control in two neighboring snail-breeding marshlands, and snails were surveyed before and after mollusciciding. The mortality of snails and the density of living snails were estimated. Results The density of living snails reduced by 72.19% and 100.00% 1 and 2 years after immersion of 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide through tide diversion, and 5.93% and 18.15% 1 and 2 years after spraying 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide alone. Conclusion Immersion of 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide through tide diversion is significantly superior to spraying 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide along for snail control, and implementation of immersion of 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide through tide diversion for more than 2 successive years may achieve a higher snail control efficiency.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective effect of exendin-4 against diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice and explore the underlying mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal control group with normal diet and diabetic group with high-fat diet for 4 weeks before streptozotocin injection. The successfully established diabetic mouse models were divided into diabetic group with exendin-4 treatment and diabetic control group for daily treatment with intraperitoneal injection of 1 nmol/kg exendin-4 and saline of equivalent volume for 8 weeks, respectively. The physiological parameters such as blood glucose and body weight were recorded. RT-PCR was used to examine the transcription levels of genes related with myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis and the genes related with mitochondrial functions including PGC1α, NRF and CytoC. The expressions of oxidative stress markers and Sirt1/PGC1 proteins were measured using Western blotting. and HE staining was used to observe the myocardial structural changes in the mice.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normal control mice, the mice in diabetic control group showed significantly increased blood glucose and blood lipid levels (P<0.001), which were obviously improved by Exendin-4 treatment. The expressions of ANP, BNP, TGFβ1, CytoC1 and NOX1 were significantly increased (P<0.05) while Sirt1, PGC1α, NRF and SOD1 expression were markedly decreased in the myocardial tissue of the diabetic mice (P<0.05). Exendin-4 treatment resulted in obviously reduced expressions of ANP, BNP, TGFβ1, CytoC1 and NOX1 (P<0.05) and increased expressions of Sirt1, PGC1α, NRF and SOD1 (P<0.05) in the diabetic mice.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Exendin-4 protects against myocardial injury in diabetic mice by improving mitochondrial function and inhibiting oxidative stress through the Sirt1/PGC1α signaling pathway.</p>
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OBJECTIVE To study the roles of iron and zinc in the pathogenesis of recurrent tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy.METHODS In total,40 patients who underwent a tonsillectomy to treat chronic tonsillitis or tonsillar hypertrophy were included in the study.Patients were divided into 2 groups,chronic tonsillitis or tonsillar hypertrophy group.The levels of iron and zinc elements were measured for each tonsillar tissue sample.RESULTS There was a significant difference in the iron and zinc level (P＜0.001) between the tonsillar hypertrophy and chronic tonsillitis groups.The levels of iron and zinc were significantly lower in the chronic tonsillitis group.CONCLUSION The results suggest that low tissue concentration of iron and zinc may lead to chronic tonsillitis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prevalence, etiology and clinical characteristics of adrenal lesions detected by abdominal computed tomography (CT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This retrospective study was conducted in patients with adrenal lesions detected by abdominal CT examinations in Nanfang Hospital between July, 2014 and June, 2015. The clinical data of the patients were collected for analysis of the demographics, comorbidities, imaging characteristics, biochemical profiles, clinical diagnosis and intervention.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 939 patients with adrenal lesions were identified from 19 004 patients undergoing abdominal CT scan over the defined period. The mean age of the patients was 53.2 years and 560 of the patients were male. Among the total cases with adrenal lesions, the percentages of cases with adrenal masses tended to increase progressively with age. Endocrine studies were done in 270 of the total patients, which identified non-functioning masses in 38.9%, primary aldosteronism in 16.3%, Cushing's syndrome in 4.1%, subclinical Cushing's syndrome in 7.0%, and pheochromocytomas in 7.0% of the cases. Adrenal incidentalomas was detected in 191 patients, with a detection rate of 1.0% among the overall patients undergoing abdominal CT scans. Imaging study detected adenomas (70.3%), cortical carcinomas (2.4%), and metastases (0.5%). Of 191 patients with adrenal incidentalomas, only 76 (39.8%) underwent endocrine evaluation, including 34 with nonfunctioning adrenal masses, 17 with pheochromocytoma, 7 with primary aldosteronism, and 5 with subclinical Cushing's syndrome.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>s The overall detection rates of adrenal lesions and adrenal incidentalomas by abdominal CT were 4.9% and 1.0%, respectively, in our cohort of patients undergoing the examination over the defined period. Although most of the lesions were benign and nonfunctioning, malignant and functional lesions were also detected. As many as 60% of the patients with adrenal incidentalomas did not have hormonal testing. Clinicians need to have greater awareness of adrenal incidentalomas and standard protocol for its management should be established.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expressions of inflammation- and fibrosis-related genes in perinephric and subcutaneous adipose tissues in patients with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent Cushing's syndrome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The perinephric and subcutaneous adipose tissues adipose tissues were obtained from 8 patients with ACTH-independent Cushing's syndrome undergoing laparoscopic retroperitoneal adrenalectomy. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP-2), TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP-1), early growth response 1 (EGR1), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β(CEBPβ), uncoupling protein 1(UCP-1), PPARγ coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) and cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector a (CIDEA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mRNA level of CIDEA was significantly higher in the perinephric adipose tissue (peri-N) than in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (subQ) (P<0.05). The expressions of CEBPβ, UCP-1, and PGC1α mRNA in the peri-N were similar with those in the subQ. The expressions of IL-6, TIMP1 and EGR1 mRNA in the subQ were significantly higher than those in the peri-N (P<0.05). No significant difference in TNF-α and MMP-2 mRNA levels was found between peri-N and subQ.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression levels of the inflammation- and fibrosis-related genes are higher in the subQ than in the peri-N of patients with ACTH-independent Cushing's syndrome, suggesting that chronic exposure to endogenous hypercortisolism may cause adipose tissue dysfunction.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Adrenalectomy , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone , CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta , Metabolism , Cushing Syndrome , Metabolism , General Surgery , Early Growth Response Protein 1 , Metabolism , Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 , Metabolism , Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha , Metabolism , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Subcutaneous Fat , Metabolism , Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 , Metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Metabolism , Uncoupling Protein 1 , MetabolismABSTRACT
Panax notoginseng is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine with blood activating effect while has continuous cropping obstacle problem in planting process. In present study, a semimicroextraction method with water-saturated n-butanol on 0.1 g notoginseng sample was established with good repeatability (RSD<2.5%) and 9.6%-20.6% higher extraction efficiency of seven saponins than the conventional method. A total of 16 characteristic peaks were identified by LC-MS-IT-TOF, including eight 20(S)-protopanaxatriol (PPT) type saponins and eight 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) type saponins. The established method was utilized to evaluate the quality of notoginseng samples cultivated by manual intervened methods to overcome continuous cropping obstacles.As a result, HPLC fingerprint similarity, content of Fa and ratio of notoginsenoside K and notoginsenoside Fa (N-K/Fa) were found out to be as valuatable markers of the quality of samples in continuous cropping obstacle research, of which N-K/Fa could also be applied to the analysis of notoginseng samples with different growth years.Notoginseng samples with continuous cropping obstacle had HPLC fingerprint similarity lower than 0.87, in consistent with normal sample, and had significant lower content of notoginsenoside Fa and significant higher N-K/Fa (2.35-4.74) than normal group (0.45-1.33). All samples in the first group with manual intervention showed high similarity with normal group (>0.87), similar content of common peaks and N-K/Fa (0.42-2.06). The content of notoginsenoside K in the second group with manual intervention was higher than normal group. All samples except two displayed similarity higher than 0.87 and possessed content of 16 saponins close to normal group. The result showed that notoginseng samples with continuous cropping obstacle had lower quality than normal sample. And manual intervened methods could improve their quality in different levels.The method established in this study was simple, fast and accurate, and the markers may provide new guides for quality control in continuous cropping obstacle research of notoginseng.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore a simple and accurate method for localization of upper airway obstruction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and provide instructions for surgical treatment.@*METHOD@#Fifty OSAHS patients confirmed by PSG underwent acoustic rhinometric and pharyngometric assessment by Eccovision. The parameters were recorded, including nasal minimal cross-sectional area (NMCA), distance of MCA from the nostril (DCAN), minimum cross-sectional area at the nasal valve(MCA), nasal resistance (NR) and nasal volume from 0 to 6 cm from the nostril (NCV), as well as pharyngeal cross-sectional area (CSA) and volume from 4.8 to 15.0 cm. The sensitivity and specificity of acoustic rhinometry and pharyngometry on localization of airway obstruction was determined by a comprehensive imaging and endoscopic study.@*RESULT@#In 50 cases with severe OSAHS, NMCA, DCAN, MCA, NCV, NR were (0.61 +/- 0.35) cm2, (2.06 +/- 0.12) cm, (0.87 +/- 0.12) cm2, (9.24 +/- 2.31)cm3 and (0.51 +/- 0.32)kPa/(L x min), respectively. Pharyngeal CSA and volume were statistically significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.01). The value of DCAN was (2.06 +/- 0.12) cm, (9.50 +/- 4.08) cm, (13.10 +/- 2.52) cm in type I II, III patient, respectively. Compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant.@*CONCLUSION@#Acoustic rhinometry and pharyngometry is a simple and safe method in localization of airway obstruction in patients with OSAHS.
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Nasal Cavity , Nasopharynx , Rhinometry, Acoustic , Sleep Apnea, ObstructiveABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To provide transnasal endoscopic optic canal decompression with the anatomic reference.@*METHOD@#15 samples of the adult corpse wet specimen (30 sides for the optic canal) were examined under the endoscope to scrutinize the regional anatomy of the optic canal.@*RESULT@#distance between the spina nasalis anterior and the midpoint of optic canal medial wall is (61.02 +/- 5.83) mm, and the angle between spina nasalis anterior and the midpoint of optic canal medial wall is (45.1 +/- 4.81) degrees. The medial wall of optic canal is longest, with an average length of (11.61 +/- 1.58) mm; the lateral wall of optic canal is thickest, and the medial wall thinnest. 10 traumatic blind patient underwent endoscopic optic canal decompression with satisfactory outcome.@*CONCLUSION@#The regional anatomy of the optic canal under endoscope is of importance to endoscopic optic canal decompression. Which is microinvasive with direct approach and clear view thus is widely used in clinical practice.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Blindness , General Surgery , Endoscopy , Nose , General Surgery , Optic Nerve , General Surgery , Orbit , General SurgeryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathologic features of inflammatory pseudotumor-like follicular dendritic cell tumor of spleen.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One case of inflammatory pseudotumor-like follicular dendritic cell tumor of spleen was examined macroscopically and microscopically. Immunohistochemical study for CD21, CD23, CD35, clusterin, S-100 protein, vimentin, smooth muscle actin, CD1a, CD68, ALK protein, CD30, CD31, CD34, CD3 and CD20 was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections by standard EnVision method. In-situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded RNA was also carried out.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Macroscopically, inflammatory pseudotumor-like follicular dendritic cell tumor was large in size, tan-colored, soft to rubbery in consistance and associated with central hemorrhage and necrosis. Histological examination showed scattered follicular dendritic cells admixed with abundant lymphocytes and plasma cells in the background, simulating inflammatory pseudotumor. On high-power magnification, the follicular dendritic cells possessed a moderate amount of pale to lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm, with indistinct cell borders. The nuclei were ovoid or spindly, with vesicular or stippled chromatin and small distinct, often centrally located, nucleoli. Some of the tumor cells showed nuclear pleomorphism and contained irregular foldings of nuclear membrane, coarse chromatin and prominent eosinophilic nucleoli. Mitotic figures were rarely identified. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were positive for vimentin, clusterin, smooth muscle actin and CD68. They were weakly and focally positive for CD35 and S-100 protein, but negative for CD21, CD23, CD1a, ALK protein, CD30, CD31 and CD34. Most of the background lymphocytes were of T-lineage (CD3-positive) ,some were CD20 (B-cell marker)-positive. EBV RNA was demonstrated in the tumor cells by in-situ hybridization analysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Inflammatory pseudotumor-like follicular dendritic cell tumor is a rarely encountered low-grade malignancy with distinctive morphologic pattern. It is associated with EBV infection.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Antigens, CD , Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic , Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular , Pathology , Dendritic Cells, Follicular , Pathology , Granuloma, Plasma Cell , Herpesvirus 4, Human , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Splenic Neoplasms , PathologyABSTRACT
Digital potentiometers have been used in medical instruments. This paper describes the structure and principle of a digital potentiometer, especially its interfacing with a single chip processor and its programming.